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Many Americans consume soybean oil regularly, often without realizing how frequently it appears in processed foods. Researchers are now investigating whether this widely used ingredient may play a part in the development of obesity. In a study involving mice, scientists compared the effects of different fats on weight gain and metabolism, focusing primarily on soybean oil.
The study points to a connection between soybean oil consumption and obesity, with the body's processing of linoleic acid potentially playing a key role. In the study, mice were given a diet rich in soybean oil while researchers examined how their bodies metabolized the fats. Most of the mice on this high-fat diet experienced substantial weight gain.
In contrast, another group of genetically modified mice gained significantly less weight while eating the same diet. These animals produced a slightly different form of a liver protein that regulates hundreds of genes involved in fat metabolism. This protein variation also affects how the body processes linoleic acid, a major fatty acid found in soybean oil.
The researchers believe soybean oil's effects on weight gain may be linked to oxylipins, molecules the body produces when metabolizing linoleic acid, a major omega-6 fatty acid found in the oil. Greater consumption of this fatty acid can increase oxylipin levels, and researchers found that certain types of these molecules were associated with weight gain and fat buildup in the livers of normal mice.
The findings may help explain why susceptibility to weight gain varies among individuals who consume large amounts of soybean oil. Although soybeans offer plant-based protein and soybean oil contains no cholesterol, high intake of linoleic acid-rich oils, including soybean and corn oil, may activate biological pathways in ways that could contribute to weight gain.
To view the original scientific study click below:
P2-HNF4α alters linoleic acid metabolism and mitigates soybean oil-induced obesity: role for oxylipins
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